World Hair Research» Blog Archive » POPs, Dioxins, Furans and Related Pollutants – Intro. This page contains compiled whole (and quotes from) articles on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), Aldrin, Dieldrin, Endrin, Chlordane, DDT, Heptachlor, Hexachlorobenzene, Mirex, Toxaphene, PCBs, Dioxins, Furans and Poly Chlorinated Biphenyls to get you up to speed on what these compounds are, where they come from, how they end in your body and their effects. Kidney stones are hard, solid particles that form in the urinary tract. If a stone (even a small one) blocks the flow of urine, excruciating pain may result, and. Welcome to Boxing for Life! This site is dedicated to teach individuals how to box, and to give back to the sport that has helped change my life.
This is a very long page, full of quoted articles, with definitions from official sources and scientific studies (abstracts) and other related articles. Start learning about POPs here: ================================Fact sheet N. Many national authorities have programmes in place to monitor the food supply. Anderson PhD, MPH Professor & Associate Dean for Learning Systems & Student Affairs, Epidemiology & Community Health. A diet, weight loss, nutrition, and food news blog with daily news roundups and diet tips, obesity. Manage your page to keep your users updated View some of our premium pages: google.com. Upgrade to a Premium Page. By Olivia Tarantino & The Editors of Eat This, Not That! Americans are now spending more money dining out than on buying groceries, which means we A Message to Whole Foods Market Customers. As has been reported in the media, our New York City stores were audited by the New York City Department of Consumer. Dioxins are highly toxic and can cause reproductive and developmental problems, damage the immune system, interfere with hormones and also cause cancer. Due to the omnipresence of dioxins, all people have background exposure, which is not expected to affect human health. However, due to the highly toxic potential of this class of compounds, efforts need to be undertaken to reduce current background exposure. Prevention or reduction of human exposure is best done via source- directed measures, i. They have the dubious distinction of belonging to the “dirty dozen” – a group of dangerous chemicals known as persistent organic pollutants. Dioxins are of concern because of their highly toxic potential. Experiments have shown they affect a number of organs and systems. Once dioxins have entered the body, they endure a long time because of their chemical stability and their ability to be absorbed by fat tissue, where they are then stored in the body. Their half- life in the body is estimated to be seven to eleven years. In the environment, dioxins tend to accumulate in the food chain. The higher in the animal food chain one goes, the higher the concentration of dioxins. The chemical name for dioxin is: 2,3,7,8- tetrachlorodibenzo para dioxin (TCDD). The name “dioxins” is often used for the family of structurally and chemically related polychlorinated dibenzo para dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs). Certain dioxin- like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) with similar toxic properties are also included under the term “dioxins”. Dioxins are unwanted by products of a wide range of manufacturing processes including smelting, chlorine bleaching of paper pulp and the manufacturing of some herbicides and pesticides. In terms of dioxin release into the environment, uncontrolled waste incinerators (solid waste and hospital waste) are often the worst culprits, due to incomplete burning. Technology is available that allows for controlled waste incineration with low emissions. Although formation of dioxins is local, environmental distribution is global. Dioxins are found throughout the world in the environment. The highest levels of these compounds are found in some soils, sediments and food, especially dairy products, meat, fish and shellfish. Very low levels are found in plants, water and air. Extensive stores of PCB- based waste industrial oils, many with high levels of PCDFs, exist throughout the world. Long- term storage and improper disposal of this material may result in dioxin release into the environment and the contamination of human and animal food supplies. Such material needs to be treated as hazardous waste and is best destroyed by high temperature incineration. Dioxin contamination incidents. Many countries monitor their food supply for dioxins. This has led to early detection of contamination and has often prevented impact on a larger scale. One example is the detection of increased dioxin levels in milk in 2. Netherlands, traced to a clay used in the production of the animal feed. In another incident, elevated dioxin levels were detected in animal feed in the Netherlands in 2. Some dioxin contamination events have been more significant, with broader implications in many countries. In late 2. 00. 8, Ireland recalled many tons of pork meat and pork products when up to 2. This finding led to one of the largest food recalls related to a chemical contamination. Risk assessments performed by Ireland indicated no public health concern. The contamination was traced back to contaminated feed. In July 2. 00. 7, the European Commission issued a health warning to its Member States after high levels of dioxins were detected in a food additive – guar gum – used as thickener in small quantities in meat, dairy, dessert or delicatessen products. The source was traced to guar gum from India that was contaminated with pentachlorophenol (PCP), a pesticide no longer in use. PCP contains dioxins as contamination. In 1. 99. 9, high levels of dioxins were found in poultry and eggs from Belgium. Subsequently, dioxin- contaminated animal- based food (poultry, eggs, pork), were detected in several other countries. The cause was traced to animal feed contaminated with illegally disposed PCB- based waste industrial oil. In March 1. 99. 8, high levels of dioxins in milk sold in Germany were traced to citrus pulp pellets used as animal feed exported from Brazil. The investigation resulted in a ban on all citrus pulp imports to the EU from Brazil. Another case of dioxin contamination of food occurred in the United States of America in 1. Chickens, eggs, and catfish were contaminated with dioxins when a tainted ingredient (bentonite clay, sometimes called “ball clay”) was used in the manufacture of animal feed. The contaminated clay was traced to a bentonite mine. As there was no evidence that hazardous waste was buried at the mine, investigators speculate that the source of dioxins may be natural, perhaps due to a prehistoric forest fire. Large amounts of dioxins were released in a serious accident at a chemical factory in Seveso, Italy, in 1. A cloud of toxic chemicals, including 2,3,7,8- Tetrachlorodibenzo- p- dioxin, or TCDD, was released into the air and eventually contaminated an area of 1. Extensive studies in the affected population are continuing to determine the long- term human health effects from this incident. These investigations, however, are hampered by the lack of appropriate exposure assessments. A minor increase in certain cancers and effects on reproduction have been detected and are being further investigated. Possible effects on the children of exposed people are currently being studied. TCDD has also been extensively studied for health effects linked to its presence as a contaminant in some batches of the herbicide Agent Orange, which was used as a defoliant during the Vietnam War. A link to certain types of cancers and also to diabetes is still being investigated. Earlier incidents of food contamination have been reported in other parts of the world. Although all countries can be affected, most contamination cases have been reported in industrialized countries where adequate food contamination monitoring, greater awareness of the hazard and better regulatory controls are available for the detection of dioxin problems. A few cases of intentional human poisoning have also been reported. The most notable incident is the 2. Viktor Yushchenko, President of the Ukraine, whose face was disfigured by chloracne. Effects of dioxins on human health. Short- term exposure of humans to high levels of dioxins may result in skin lesions, such as chloracne and patchy darkening of the skin, and altered liver function. Long- term exposure is linked to impairment of the immune system, the developing nervous system, the endocrine system and reproductive functions. Chronic exposure of animals to dioxins has resulted in several types of cancer. TCDD was evaluated by the WHO’s International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) in 1. However, TCDD does not affect genetic material and there is a level of exposure below which cancer risk would be negligible. Due to the omnipresence of dioxins, all people have background exposure and a certain level of dioxins in the body, leading to the so- called body burden. Current normal background exposure is not expected to affect human health on average. However, due to the high toxic potential of this class of compounds, efforts need to be undertaken to reduce current background exposure. Sensitive subgroups. The developing fetus is most sensitive to dioxin exposure. The newborn, with rapidly developing organ systems, may also be more vulnerable to certain effects. Some individuals or groups of individuals may be exposed to higher levels of dioxins because of their diets (e. Prevention and control of dioxin exposure. Proper incineration of contaminated material is the best available method of preventing and controlling exposure to dioxins. It can also destroy PCB- based waste oils. The incineration process requires high temperatures, over 8. For the destruction of large amounts of contaminated material, even higher temperatures – 1. This is the responsibility of national governments, but in recognition of the importance of this approach, the Codex Alimentarius Commission adopted in 2. Code of Practice for Source Directed Measures to Reduce Contamination of Foods with Chemicals (CAC/RCP 4. Code of Practice for the Prevention and Reduction of Dioxin and Dioxin- like PCB Contamination in Food and Feeds (CAC/RCP 6. More than 9. 0% of human exposure to dioxins is through the food supply, mainly meat and dairy products, fish and shellfish. One approach includes, as mentioned above, source- directed measures to reduce dioxin emissions. Secondary contamination of the food supply needs to be avoided throughout the food- chain. Good controls and practices during primary production, processing, distribution and sale are all essential to the production of safe food. Food contamination monitoring systems must be in place to ensure that tolerance levels are not exceeded. It is the role of national governments to monitor the safety of food supply and to take action to protect public health. Dark Chocolate Is Healthy Chocolate. Aug. 2. 7, 2. 00. Got high blood pressure? Worried about heart disease? Buy a bon- bon. It's the best medical news in ages. Studies in two prestigious scientific journals say dark chocolate - - but not white chocolate or milk chocolate - - is good for you. Dark Chocolate Lowers Blood Pressure. Dark chocolate - - not white chocolate - - lowers high blood pressure, say Dirk Taubert, MD, Ph. D, and colleagues at the University of Cologne, Germany. Their report appears in the Aug. The Journal of the American Medical Association. But that's no license to go on a chocolate binge. Eating more dark chocolate can help lower blood pressure - - if you've reached a certain age and have mild high blood pressure, say the researchers. But you have to balance the extra calories by eating less of other things. Antioxidants in Dark Chocolate. Dark chocolate - - but not milk chocolate or dark chocolate eaten with milk - - is a potent antioxidant, report Mauro Serafini, Ph. D, of Italy's National Institute for Food and Nutrition Research in Rome, and colleagues. Their report appears in the Aug. Antioxidants gobble up free radicals, destructive molecules that are implicated in heart disease and other ailments. Don't even think of washing it down with milk. And if health is your excuse for eating chocolate, remember the word . All had just been diagnosed with mild high blood pressure - - on average, systolic blood pressure (the top number) of 1. Every day for two weeks, they ate a 1. Half the patients got dark chocolate and half got white chocolate. Continued. Those who ate dark chocolate had a significant drop in blood pressure (by an average of 5 points for systolic and an average of 2 points for diastolic blood pressure). Those who ate white chocolate did not. In the second study, Serafini's team signed up seven healthy women and five healthy men aged 2. On different days they each ate 1. An hour later, those who ate dark chocolate alone had the most total antioxidants in their blood. And they had higher levels of epicatechin, a particularly healthy compound found in chocolate. The milk chocolate eaters had the lowest epicatechin levels of all. Chocolate for Blood Pressure: Darker Is Better. What is it about dark chocolate? The answer is plant phenols - - cocoa phenols, to be exact. These compounds are known to lower blood pressure. Chocolates made in Europe are generally richer in cocoa phenols than those made in the U. S. So if you're going to try this at home, remember: Darker is better. Just remember to balance the calories. A 1. 00- gram serving of Hershey's Special Dark Chocolate Bar has 5. U. S. Department of Agriculture. If you ate that much raw apple you'd only take in 5. But then, you'd miss out on the delicious blood pressure benefit. A hint: Don't replace healthy foods with chocolate. Most people's diets have plenty of sweets. Switch those for some chocolate if you're going to try the truffle treatment. Also, from Web. MD Medical News, learn how dark chocolate may help lower blood pressure. Web. MD Health News. Sources. SOURCES: Taubert, D. The. Journal of the American Medical Association, Aug. Department of Agriculture Nutrient Data Laboratory..
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. Archives
November 2017
Categories |